Intelligent Control and Optimal Energy Supervision for On-Grid Hybrid Renewable Generation with Flywheel Energy Storage
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ATSSEE, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 1068 Tunis, Tunisia
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Rym Marouani
ATSSEE, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar,1068 Tunis, Tunisia
Power Electronics and Drives 2025;10(Special Section - Renewable Energy Conversion and Energy Storage Systems – Part II ):467-486
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ABSTRACT
This research introduces an innovative on-grid hybrid renewable generation (OG-HRG) system characterised by its distinctive
combination of three technologies: solar photovoltaic (PV), gearless permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based wind
turbines (WTs) and a flywheel energy storage system (FESS). The particularity of this system lies in its advanced incorporation of
a multi-layered control approach, which merges the adaptability of fuzzy logic control (FLC), the accuracy of proportional-integral-
derivative (PID) control and the resilience of sliding mode control (SMC) into a unified energy management system (EMS). This design
has been specifically developed to address intermittency and maintain grid stability. Simulation outcomes validate its effectiveness,
showcasing 92.3% renewable energy utilisation, minimal frequency fluctuations (±0.8%) and an 85% decrease in CO2 emissions. This
study offers a new framework for achieving high-efficiency and stable integration of renewable energy sources.